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Three Centuries of Worldwide Textile Trade
Interwoven Globe: The Worldwide Textile Trade, 1500-1800 is the first major exhibition to explore the international transmittal of design from the 16th to the early 19th century through the medium of textiles. It will highlight an important design story that has never before been told from a truly global perspective. Beginning in the 16th century, the golden age of European maritime navigation in search of spice routes to the east brought about the flowering of an abundant textile trade, causing a breathtaking variety of textiles in a multiplicity of designs and techniques to travel across the globe.  Textiles, which often acted as direct currency for spices and other goods, made their way from India and Asia to Europe, between India and Asia and Southeast Asia, from Europe to the east, and eventually to the west to North and South America. Trade textiles blended the traditional designs, skills, and tastes of all of the cultures that produced them, resulting in objects that are both intrinsically beautiful and historically fascinating. 
The exhibition is made possible by The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the Diane W. and James E. Burke Fund, The Coby Foundation, Ltd., The Favrot Fund, the Gail and Parker Gilbert Fund, and the Quinque Foundation.  

While previous studies have focused on this story from the viewpoint of trade, Interwoven Globe is the first exhibition to explore it as a history of design—and to approach it from a perspective that emphasizes the beauty and sophistication of these often overlooked objects. It will explore the interrelationship of textiles, commerce, and taste from the Age of Discovery to the 19th century. From India and its renowned, ancient mastery of painted and dyed cotton to the sumptuous silks of China and Japan, Turkey and Iran, the paths of influence are traced westward to Europe and the Americas. Shaped by an emerging worldwide visual culture, the resulting fashion for the "exotic” in textiles, as well as in other goods and art forms, gave rise to what can be recognized as the first truly global style.

Interwoven Globe will feature 134 works, about two-thirds of which are drawn from the Metropolitan Museum’s own rich, encyclopedic collection.  These objects will be augmented by important domestic and international loans in order to make worldwide visual connections.  Works from the Metropolitan will come from the following departments: American Decorative Arts, Asian Art, Islamic Art, European Sculpture and Decorative Arts, The Costume Institute, European Paintings, Drawings and Prints, and Arts of Africa, Oceania, and the Americas. They will include numerous flat textiles (lengths of fabric, curtains, wall hangings, bedcovers,) tapestries, costumes, church vestments, pieces of seating furniture, and paintings and drawings.

The exhibition will be divided into nine galleries, some organized by geography and others by theme. It will begin with the Portuguese maritime expansion and the new textile trade they developed with China and India. Portuguese merchants recognized the superior skills of the Chinese and Indian textile workers and introduced them to European imagery so that they could create products that could be sold to a European market. 

In addition to Portugal, Spain was one of the first European nations to master the ability to navigate the Atlantic Ocean and colonize the New World. By the 16th century, Spain controlled vast areas of South America. Works in this section will include tapestries made with traditional Andean materials and techniques, and will demonstrate South America as a rich source of natural dyes that were also traded around the world.

The exhibition will then move to Chinese production for East and West and the Japanese taste for imported textiles, and will feature the types of luxurious embroidered hangings and bedcovers that wealthy Europeans coveted. Indian textiles will be represented by spectacular 17th– and 18th–century painted and dyed cotton bedcovers and hangings called palampores. Colorful and dyefast Indian cottons became so popular in Europe that in England and France, fearing that the imports would damage domestic production, Indian fabrics were barred from domestic importation during the early 18th century and printed imitations began to be produced instead. 
Luxurious textiles were always prized by the elites of the Catholic Church and were used in other religious settings as well. A section devoted to trade textiles in religious contexts will show the various types—European, Ottoman, Indian, Chinese—used to create an impressive aura of ecclesiastical authority and enrich the material culture of religious practices.

By the end of the 17th century, European trade routes with Asia, Africa, and the Americas were well established, allowing information about other cultures—scant or inaccurate—to circulate, stimulating an intense interest in the "exotic.” To demonstrate these visions of the "exotic” in imagery and attire, a fine silk carpet with unusual features from the Metropolitan’s collection will be on display. Recently attributed to 17th century Iran, the carpet confounded scholars for years who dated it from 16th century originating from Iran to India to Istanbul, with sources of inspiration from English to Flemish tapestry. 

By the mid-18th century, Europe’s powerful leaders had greatly expanded and enriched their empires through conquest and trade. European self-perception is elegantly captured in a set of French tapestries and tapestry-covered furniture made at Beauvais for Louis XVI depicting the Four Continents; the complete set will be seen together for the first time in Interwoven Globe in a room-like setting. 
Textiles and cultural conflict will be examined in a section on the brutal effects of the expansion of European colonial empires from 1500 to 1800. Textiles played a key role in the slave trade as cloth was one of the key commodities traded for slaves in Africa. 
The exhibition will conclude with a gallery devoted to colonial North America, examining textiles imported from India and China, as well as those made in the colonies that were inspired by Asian models. North Americans were prevented from trading directly with Asia until the 1780s and before that textiles had to be acquired through European middlemen. Despite this limitation, Asian textiles were an important trade commodity and a significant source of inspiration for the design of North American domestic interiors and locally made textiles as early as the 17th century.

Many of the textiles that will be on display in Interwoven Globe have rarely or never been on public view, usually due to their cross-cultural nature, which make them a challenge to fit comfortably in the permanent galleries of a single curatorial department. The exhibition will provide a unique opportunity to examine the beauty and sophistication of these objects from around the world and engage visitors who are interested in a wide range of topics, such as fashion, textile production, technology, history, and design.

A variety of education programs will accompany the exhibition. These include a series of exhibition tours as well as thematic talks led by curators, guest specialists, and designers; programs for people with disabilities, including workshops for children and adults with learning and developmental disabilities and visual impairments; artist demonstrations on November 8; studio workshops on October 6, 13, and 20; and a symposium on Oct. 4.

For more information about the exhibition and its accompanying programs, visit the Museum’s website at www.metmuseum.org.

Interwoven Globe: The Worldwide Textile Trade, 1500-1800
by
Metropolitan Museum
Categoria: Global News | Visualizações: 832 | Adicionado por : netoangel | Tags: art, luxury, 1500-1800, Interwoven Globe, The Worldwide Textile Trade, exposição, Metropolitan Museum, Museum | Ranking: 0.0/0
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